Fungicidal active substance combinations containing trifloxystrobin

ABSTRACT

The Present invention relates to novel active compound combinations comprising a known oxime ether derivative (trifloxystrobin) and imidacloprid, which combinations are highly suitable for controlling phytopathogenic fungi and insects.

The present invention relates to novel active compound combinationscomprising a known oxime ether derivative and known insecticidallyactive compounds, which combinations are highly suitable for controllingphytopathogenic fungi and insects.

It is already known that methyl2-[α-{[(α-methyl-3-trifluoromethyl-benz-yl)imino]oxy}-o-tolyl]-glyoxylateO-methyl oxime has fungicidal properties (cf. EP-A1-460 575). Theactivity of this substance is good; however, at low application rates itis sometimes unsatisfactory.

Furthermore, it is known that imidacloprid (cf. EP-A-192 060 orPesticide Manual, 9^(th) Edition (1991), page 491), thiacloprid (cf.EP-A-235 725), acetamiprid (WO 91/04965), nitenpyram (cf EP-A-302 389),thiamethoxam (cf. EP-A-580 533), clothianidin (cf. EP-A-376 279) anddinotefuran (cf. EP-A-649845) have insecticidal properties. The activityof these substances is good; however, at low application rates it issometimes unsatisfactory.

It has now been found that the novel active compound combinations ofmethyl2-[α-{[(α-methyl-3-trifluoromethylbenzyl)imino]oxy}-o-tolyl]-glyoxylateO-methyl oxime of the formula (1)

and

(1) 1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-N-nitro-2-imidazolidineimine(reference: EP-A-192 060) of the formula (II)

and/or

(2) the thiazolidine (reference: EP-A-235 725) of the formula (III)

and/or

(3) the chloronicotinyl compound (reference: WO 91/04965) of the formula(IV)

and/or

(4) the chloronicotinyl compound (reference: EP-A-302 389) of theformula (V)

-   -   and/or

(5) the neonicotinoid (reference: EP-A-580 553) of the formula (VI)

and/or

(6) the neonicotinoid (reference: EP-A-376 279) of the formula (VII)

and/or

(7) the neonicotinoid (reference: EP-A-649 845) of the formula (VIII)

have very good fungicidal and insecticidal properties.

Surprisingly, the fungicidal and insecticidal action of the activecompound combinations according to the invention is considerably higherthan the sum of the actions of the individual active compounds. What ispresent is therefore an unforeseeable true synergistic effect and notjust a combination of actions.

As can be seen from the structural formula of the active compound of theformula (I), the compound can be present as E or Z isomer. The productcan therefore be present as a mixture of different isomers or else inthe form of a single isomer. Preference is given to compounds of theformula (I) in which the compound of the formula (1) is present as Eisomer.

The active compound of the formula (I) is known (compare, for example,EP-A1-460 575). The active compounds of the formulae (II), (III), (IV),(V), (VI), (VII) and (VIII) are likewise known (cf the givenreferences).

In addition to at least one active compound of the formula (I), theactive compound combinations according to the invention comprise theactive compound imidacloprid. Additionally, they may also comprisefurther fungicidally or insecticidally active components.

The synergistic effect is particularly pronounced when the activecompounds in the active compound combinations according to the inventionare present in certain weight ratios. However, the weight ratios of theactive compounds in the active compound combinations can be variedwithin a relatively wide range.

In general,

-   from 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, preferably from 0.2 to 2 parts by    weight, of active compound of the formula (II),-   from 0.05 to 20 parts by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 10 parts by    weight, of active compound of the formula (III),-   from 0.05 to 20 parts by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 10 parts by    weight, of active compound of the formula (IV),-   from 0.05 to 20 parts by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 10 parts by    weight, of active compound of the formula (V),-   from 0.05 to 20 parts by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 10 parts by    weight, of active compound of the formula (VI),-   from 0.05 to 20 parts by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 10 parts by    weight, of active compound of the formula (VII),-   from 0.05 to 20 parts by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 10 parts by    weight, of active compound of the formula (VIII),-   are present per part by weight of active compound of the formula    (1).

The active compound combinations according to the invention have potentmicrobicidal activity and can be employed for controlling undesirablemicroorganisms, such as fungi and bacteria, in crop protection and inthe protection of materials.

Fungicides can be employed in crop protection for controllingPlasmodiophoro-mycetes, Oomycetes, Chytridiomycetes, Zygomycetes,Ascomycetes, Basidiomy-cetes and Deuteromycetes.

Bactericides can be employed in crop protection for controllingPseudomonadaceae, Rhizobiaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Corynebacteriaceaeand Streptomycetaceae.

Some pathogens causing fungal and bacterial diseases which come underthe generic names listed above may be mentioned as examples, but not byway of limitation:

-   Xanthomonas species, such as, for example, Xanthomonas campestris    pv. oryzae;-   Pseudomonas species, such as, for example, Pseudomonas syringae pv.    lachrymans;-   Erwinia species, such as, for example, Erwinia amylovora;-   Pythium species, such as, for example, Pythium ultimum;-   Phytophthora species, such as, for example, Phytophthora infestans;-   Pseudoperonospora species, such as, for example, Pseudoperonospora    humuli or-   Pseudoperonospora cubensis;-   Plasmopara species, such as, for example, Plasmopara viticola;-   Bremia species, such as, for example, Bremia lactucae;-   Peronospora species, such as, for example, Peronospora pisi or P.    brassicae;-   Erysiphe species, such as, for example, Erysiphe graminis;-   Sphaerotheca species, such as, for example, Sphaerotheca fuliginea;-   Podosphaera species, such as, for example, Podosphaera leucotricha;-   Venturia species, such as, for example, Venturia inaequalis;-   Pyrenophora species, such as, for example, Pyrenophora teres or P.    graminea-   (conidia form: Drechslera, syn: Helminthosporium);-   Cochliobolus species, such as, for example, Cochliobolus sativus-   (conidia form: Drechslera, syn: Helminthosporium);-   Uromyces species, such as, for example, Uromyces appendiculatus;-   Puccinia species, such as, for example, Puccinia recondita;-   Sclerotinia species, such as, for example, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum;-   Tilletia species, such as, for example, Tilletia caries;-   Ustilago species, such as, for example, Ustilago nuda or Ustilago    avenae;-   Pellicularia species, such as, for example, Pellicularia sasakii;-   Pyricularia species, such as, for example, Pyricularia oryzae;-   Fusarium species, such as, for example, Fusarium culmorum;-   Botrytis species, such as, for example, Botrytis cinerea;-   Septoria species, such as, for example, Septoria nodorum;-   Leptosphaeria species, such as, for example, Leptosphaeria nodorum;-   Cercospora species, such as, for example, Cercospora canescens;-   Altemaria species, such as, for example, Altemaria brassicae; and-   Pseudocercosporella species, such as, for example,    Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides.

The active compound combinations according to the invention also havevery good fortifying action in plants. Accordingly, they can be used formobilizing the defences of the plant against attack by undesirablemicroorganisms.

In the present context, plant-fortifying (resistance-inducing) activecompound combinations and/or substances are to be understood as meaningthose substances which are capable of stimulating the defence system ofplants such that, when the treated plants are subsequently inoculatedwith undesirable microorganisms, they show substantial resistanceagainst these microorganisms.

In the present case, undesirable microorganisms are to be understood asmeaning phytopathogenic fingi, bacteria and viruses. Accordingly, thesubstances according to the invention can be used to protect plants fora certain period after the treatment against attack by the pathogensmentioned. The period for which protection is provided generally extendsover 1 to 10 days, preferably 1 to 7 days, after the treat-ment of theplants with the active compound combinations.

The fact that the active compound combinations are well tolerated byplants at the concentrations required for controlling plant diseasespermits the treatment of above-ground parts of plants, of propagationstock and seeds, and of the soil.

The active compounds according to the invention can be used withparticularly good results for controlling diseases in rice, such as, forexample, Pyricularia and Rhizoctonia, foliar and ear diseases incereals, in particular Leptosphaeria, Septoria, Pyrenophora spp.,Erysiphe, Puccinia, Fusarium spp., Microdochium nivale, Rhizoctonia spp;diseases of vegetables and potatoes, such as, for example, Cercospora,Rhizoctonia, Altemaria, Cladosporium, Colletotrichum, Diaporthe,Puccinia, Mycosphaerella, Phoma, Leveillula, Phytophthora,Pseudoperonospora, Botrytis, and against fungal attack in fruitsincluding citrus fruits, such as, for example, Elsinoe, Gloedes,Venturia, Alternaria, Coccomyces, Diaporthe, Gymnosporangium,Mycosphaerella, Phoma, Monilinia, and also fungal diseases ingrapevines, tea, tobacco, hops, coffee, bananas, nuts and ornamentalplants, for example Uncinula and Plasmopara on grapevines, Cercospora,Cofletotrichum, Mycosphaerella, Phoma, Alternaria.

The active compound combinations according to the invention are alsosuitable for increasing the yield of crops. In addition, they showreduced toxicity and are well tolerated by plants.

According to the invention, it is possible to treat all plants and partsof plants. Plants are to be understood here as meaning all plants andplant populations such as desired and undesired wild plants or cropplants (including naturally occurring crop plants). Crop plants can beplants which can be obtained by conventional breeding and optimizationmethods or by biotechnological and genetic engineering methods orcombinations of these methods, including the transgenic plants andincluding the plant cultivars which can or cannot be protected by plantbreeders' certificates. Parts of plants are to be understood as meaningall above-ground and below-ground parts and organs of plants, such asshoot, leaf, flower and root, examples which may be mentioned beingleaves, needles, stems, trunks, flowers, fruit-bodies, fruits and seedsand also roots, tubers and rhizomes. Parts of plants also includeharvested plants and vegetative and generative propagation material, forexample seedlings, tubers, rhizomes, cuttings and seeds.

The treatment according to the invention of the plants and parts ofplants with the active compound combinations is carried out directly orby action on their environment, habitat or storage area according tocustomary treatment methods, for example by dipping, spraying,evaporating, atomizing, broadcasting, brushing-on and, in the case ofpropagation material, in particular in the case of seeds, furthermore byone- or multi-layer coating.

In the protection of materials, the active compound combinationsaccording to the invention can be employed for protecting industrialmaterials against infection with, and destruction by, undesiredmicroorganisms.

Industrial materials in the present context are understood as meaningnon-living materials which have been prepared for use in industry. Forexample, industrial materials which are intended to be protected byactive compounds according to the invention from microbial change ordestruction can be adhesives, sizes, paper and board, textiles, leather,wood, paints and plastic articles, cooling lubricants and othermaterials which can be infected with, or destroyed by, microorganisms.Parts of production plants, for example cooling-water circuits, whichmay be impaired by the proliferation of microorganisms may also bementioned within the scope of the materials to be protected. Industrialmaterials which may be mentioned within the scope of the presentinvention are preferably adhesives, sizes, paper and board, leather,wood, paints, cooling lubricants and heat-transfer liquids, particularlypreferably wood.

Microorganisms capable of degrading or changing the industrial materialswhich may be mentioned are, for example, bacteria, fungi, yeasts, algaeand slime organisms. The active compounds according to the inventionpreferably act against fungi, in particular moulds, wood-discolouringand wood-destroying fingi (Basidiomycetes), and against slime organismsand algae.

Microorganisms of the following genera may be mentioned as examples:

-   Altemaria, such as Altemaria tenuis,-   Aspergillus, such as Aspergillus niger,-   Chaetomium, such as Chaetomium globosum,-   Coniophora, such as Coniophora puetana,-   Lentinus, such as Lentinus tigrinus,-   Penicillium, such as Penicillium glaucum,-   Polyporus, such as Polyporus versicolor,-   Aureobasidium, such as Aureobasidium pullulans,-   Sclerophoma, such as Sclerophoma pityophila,-   Trichoderma, such as Trichoderma viride,-   Escherichia, such as Escherichia coli,-   Pseudomonas, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and-   Staphylococcus, such as Staphylococcus aureus.

Depending on their particular physical and/or chemical properties, theactive compound combinations can be converted into the customaryformulations, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams,pastes, granules, aerosols and microencapsulations in polymericsubstances and in coating compositions for seeds, and ULV cool and warmfogging formulations.

These formulations are produced in a known manner, for example by mixingthe active compounds with extenders, that is, liquid solvents, liquefiedgases under pressure, and/or solid carriers, optionally with the use ofsurfactants, that is emulsifiers and/or dispersants, and/or foamformers. If the extender used is water, it is also possible to employ,for example, organic solvents as auxiliary solvents. Essentially,suitable liquid solvents are: aromatics such as xylene, toluene oralkylnaphthalenes, chlorinated aromatics or chlorinated aliphatichydrocarbons such as chlorobenzenes, chloroethylenes or methylenechloride, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane or paraffins, forexample petroleum fractions, alcohols such as butanol or glycol andtheir ethers and esters, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone,methyl isobutyl ketone or cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents such asdimethylformamide and dimethyl sulphoxide, or else water. Liquefiedgaseous extenders or carriers are to be understood as meaning liquidswhich are gaseous at standard temperature and under atmosphericpressure, for example aerosol propellants such as halogenatedhydrocarbons, or else butane, propane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide.Suitable solid carriers are: for example ground natural minerals such askaolins, clays, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite ordiatomaceous earth, and ground synthetic minerals such as finely dividedsilica, alumina and silicates. Suitable solid carriers for granules are:for example crushed and fractionated natural rocks such as calcite,marble, pumice, sepiolite and dolomite, or else synthetic granules ofinorganic and organic meals, and granules of organic material such assawdust, coconut shells, maize cobs and tobacco stalks. Suitableemulsifiers and/or foam formers are: for example nonionic and anionicemulsifiers, such as polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylenefatty alcohol ethers, for example alkylaryl polyglycol ethers,alkylsulphonates, alkyl sulphates, arylsulphonates, or else proteinhydrolysates. Suitable dispersants are: for example lignosulphite wasteliquors and methylcellulose.

Tackifiers such as carboxymethylcellulose and natural and syntheticpolymers in the form of powders, granules or latices, such as gumarabic, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate, or else naturalphospholipids such as cephalins and lecithins and syntheticphospholipids can be used in the formulations. Other possible additivesare mineral and vegetable oils.

It is possible to use colorants such as inorganic pigments, for exampleiron oxide, titanium oxide and Prussian Blue, and organic dyestuffs suchas alizarin dyestuffs, azo dyestuffs and metal phthalocyanine dyestuffs,and trace nutrients such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper,cobalt, molybdenum and zinc.

The formulations generally comprise between 0.1 and 95% by weight ofactive compound, preferably between 0.5 and 90%.

The active compound combinations according to the invention can be usedas such or in their formulations, also in a mixture with knownfungicides, bactericides, acaricides, nematicides or insecticides, tobroaden, for example, the activity spectrum or to prevent development ofresistance. In many cases, synergistic effects are obtained, i.e. theactivity of the mixture is greater than the activity of the individualcomponents.

Examples of suitable mixing components are the following:

Fungicides:

-   aldimorph, ampropylfos, ampropylfos-potassium, andoprim, anilazine,    azaconazole, azoxystrobin,-   benalaxyl, benodanil, benomyl, benzamacril, benzamacril-isobutyl,    bialaphos, binapacryl, biphenyl, bitertanol, blasticidin-S,    bromuconazole, bupirimate, buthiobate,-   calcium polysulphide, capropamid, capsimycin, captafol, captan,    carbendazim, carboxin, carvon, quinomethionate, chlobenthiazone,    chlorfenazole, chloroneb, chloropicrin, chlorothalonil,    chlozolinate, clozylacon, cufraneb, cymoxanil, cyproconazole,    cyprodinil, cyprofuram,-   debacarb, dichlorophen, diclobutrazole, diclofluanid, diclomezine,    dicloran, diethofencarb, difenoconazole, dimethirimol, dimethomorph,    diniconazole, diniconazole-M, dinocap, diphenylamine, dipyrithione,    ditalimfos, dithianon, dodemorph, dodine, drazoxolon,-   edifenphos, epoxiconazolei, etaconazole, ethirimol, etridiazole,-   famoxadon, fenapanil, fenarimol, fenbuconazole, fenfuram,    fenhexamid, fenitropan, fenpiclonil, fenpropidin, fenpropimorph,    fentin acetate, fentin hydroxide, ferbam, ferimzone, fluazinam,    flumetover, fluoromide, fluquinconazole, flurprimidol, flusilazole,    flusulfamide, flutolanil, flutriafol, folpet, fosetyl-aluminium,    fosetylsodium, fthalide, fuberidazole, furalaxyl, furametpyr,    furcarbonil, furconazole, furconazole-cis, furmecyclox,-   guazatine,-   hexachlorobenzene, hexaconazole, hymexazole,-   imazalil, imibenconazole, iminoctadine, iminoctadine albesilate,    iminoctadine triacetate, iodocarb, ipconazole, iprobenfos (IBP),    iprodione, iprovalicarb, iirumanycin, isoprothiolane, isovaledione,-   kasugamycin, kresoxim-methyl, copper preparations, such as: copper    hydroxide, copper naphthenate, copper oxychloride, copper sulphate,    copper oxide, oxine-copper and Bordeaux mixture,-   mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, meferimzone, mepanipyrim, mepronil,    metalaxyl, metconazole, methasulfocarb, methfuroxam, metiram,    metomeclam, metsulfovax, mildiomycin, myclobutanil, myclozolin,-   nickel dimethyldithiocarbamate, nitrothal-isopropyl, nuarirnol,-   ofurace, oxadixyl, oxamocarb, oxolinic acid, oxycarboxirn,    oxyfenthiin,-   paclobutrazole, pefurazoate, penconazole, pencycuron, phosdiphen,    picoxystrobin, pimaricin, piperalin, polyoxin, polyoxorim,    probenazole, prochloraz, procymidone, propamocarb,    propanosine-sodium, propiconazole, propineb, pyraclostrobin,    pyrazophos, pyrifenox, pyrimethanil, pyroquilon, pyroxyfur,-   quinconazole, quintozene (PCNB), quinoxyfen,-   sulphur and sulphur preparations, spiroxamine,-   tebuconazole, tecloftalam, tecnazene, tetcyclacis, tetraconazole,    thiabendazole, thicyofen, thifluzamide, thiophanate-methyl, thiram,    tioxymid, tolclofos-methyl, tolylfluanid, triadimefon, triadimenol,    triazbutil, triazoxide, trichlamide, tricyclazole, tridemorph,    trifloxystrobin, triflumizole, triforine, triticonazole,-   uniconazole,-   validamycin A, vinclozolin, viniconazole,-   zarilamide, zineb, ziram and also-   Dagger G,-   OK-8705,-   OK-8801,-   α-(1,1-diinethylethyl)-α-(2-phenoxyethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol,-   α-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-β-fluoro-β-propyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol,-   α-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-α-methoxy-α-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol,-   α-(5-methyl-1,3-dioxan-5-yl)-β-[[4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl]-methylene]-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol,-   (5RS,6RS)-6-hydroxy-2,2,7,7-tetramethyl-5-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-3-octanone,-   (E)-α-(methoxyimino)-N-methyl-2-phenoxy-phenylacetamide,-   1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-ethanone    O-(phenyhnethyl)-oxime,-   1-(2-methyl-1-naphthalenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione,-   1-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-(2-propenyl)-2,5-pyrrolidinedione,-   1-[(diiodomethyl)-sulphonyl]-4-methyl-benzene,-   1-[[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]-methyl]-1H-imidazole,-   1-[[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-phenyloxiranyl]-methyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole,-   1-[1-[2-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-methoxy]-phenyl]-ethenyl]-1H-imidazole,-   1-methyl-5-nonyl-2-(phenylmethyl)-3-pyrrolidinole,-   2′,6′-dibromo-2-methyl-4′-trifluoromethoxy-4′-trifluoro-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxanilide,-   2,6-dichloro-5-(methylthio)-4-pyrimidinyl-thiocyanate,-   2,6-dichloro-N-(4-trifluoromethylbenzyl)-benzamide,-   2,6-dichloro-N-[[4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl]-methyl]-benzamide,-   2-(2,3,3-triiodo-2-propenyl)-2H-tetrazole,-   2-[(1-methylethyl)-sulphonyl]-5-(trichloromethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole,-   2-[[6-deoxy-4-O-(4-O-methyl-β-D-glycopyranosyl)-α-D-glucopyranosyl]-amino]--   4-methoxy-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile,-   2-aminobutane,-   2-bromo-2-(bromomethyl)-pentanedinitrile,-   2-chloro-N-(2,3-dihydro-1,1,3-trimethyl-1H-inden-4-yl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide,-   2-chloro-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(isothiocyanatomethyl)-acetamide,-   2-phenylphenol (OPP),-   3,4-dichloro-1-[4-(difluoromethoxy)-phenyl]-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione,-   3,5-dichloro-N-[cyano[(1-methyl-2-propynyl)-oxy]-methyl]-benzamide,-   3-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-1-oxo-1H-indene-2-carbonitrile,-   3-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-ethoxy-3-isoxazolidinyl]-pyridine,-   4-chloro-2-cyano-N,N-dimethyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-1H-imidazole-1-sulphonamide,-   4-methyl-tetrazolo[1,5-a]quinazolin-5(4H)-one,-   8-hydroxyquinoline sulphate,-   9H-xanthene-2-[(phenylamino)-carbonyl]-9-carboxylic hydrazide,-   bis-(1-methylethyl)-3-methyl-4-[(3-methylbenzoyl)-oxy]-2,5-thiophenedicarboxylate,-   cis-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-cycloheptanol,-   cis-4-[3-[4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-phenyl-2-methylpropyl]-2,6-dimethyl-morpholine-hydrochloride,-   ethyl [(4-chlorophenyl)-azo]-cyanoacetate,-   potassium hydrogen carbonate,-   methanetetrathiol sodium salt,-   methyl    1-(2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-1H-inden-1-yl)-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate,-   methyl N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(5-isoxazolylcarbonyl)-DL-alaninate,-   methyl N-(chloroacetyl)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-DL-alaninate,-   N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-methoxy-N-(tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl)-acetamide,-   N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-methoxy-N-(tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-thienyl)-acetamide,-   N-(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)-4-methyl-3-nitro-benzenesulphonamide,-   N-(4-cyclohexylphenyl)-1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-pyrimidineamine,-   N-(4-hexylphenyl)-1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-pyrimidineamine,-   N-(5-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-2-methoxy-N-(2-oxo-3-oxazolidinyl)-acetamide,-   N-(6-methoxy-3-pyridinyl)-cyclopropanecarboxamide,-   N-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-[(chloroacetyl)-amino]-ethyl]-benzamide,-   N-[3-chloro-4,5-bis-(2-propinyloxy)-phenyl]-N′-methoxy-methaneimidamide,-   N-formyl-N-hydroxy-DL-alanine-sodium salt,-   O,O-diethyl    [2-(dipropylamino)-2-oxoethyl]-ethylphosphoramidothioate,-   O-methyl S-phenyl phenylpropylphosphoramidothioate,-   S-methyl 1,2,3-benzothiadiazole-7-carbothioate,-   spiro[2H]-1-benzopyrane-2,1′(3′H)-isobenzofuran]-3′-one,-   4-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-acryloyl]-morpholine.    Bactericides:-   bronopol, dichlorophen, nitrapyrin, nickel dimethyldithiocarbamate,    kasugamycin, octhilinone, furancarboxylic acid, oxytetracyclin,    probenazole, streptomycin, tecloftalam, copper sulphate and other    copper preparations.    Insecticides/acaricides/nematicides:-   abamectin, acephate, acequinocyl, acetamiprid, acrinathrin,    alanycarb, aldicarb, aldoxycarb, alpha-cypermethrin, alphamethrin,    amitraz, avermectin, AZ 60541, azadirachtin, azamethiphos, azinphos    A, azinphos M, azocyclotin,-   Bacillus popilliae, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus    thuringiensis, baculoviruses, Beauveria bassiana, Beauveria tenella,    bendiocarb, benfuracarb, bensultap, benzoximate, betacyfluthrin,    bifenazate, bifenthrin, bioethanomethrin, biopermethrin,    bistrifluron, BPMC, bromophos A, bufencarb, buprofezin, butathiofos,    butocarboximn, butylpyridaben,-   cadusafos, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbophenothion, carbosulfan,    cartap, chloethocarb, chlorethoxyfos, chlorfenapyr, chlorfenvinphos,    chlorfluazuron, chlormephos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos M,    chlovaporthrin, chromafenozide, cis-resmethrin, cispermethrin,    clocythrin, cloethocarb, clofentezine, clothianidine, cyanophos,    cycloprene, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, cyhexatin,    cypermethrin, cyromazine,-   deltamethrin, demeton M, demeton S, demeton-S-methyl, diafenthiuron,    diazinon, dichlorvos, dicofol, diflubenzuron, dimethoat,    dimethylvinphos, dinotefuran, diofenolan, disulfoton,    docusat-sodium, dofenapyn,-   eflusilanate, emamectin, empenthrin, endosulfan, Entomopfthora spp.,    esfenvalerate, ethiofencarb, ethion, ethiprole, ethoprophos,    etofenprox, etoxazole, etrimfos,-   fenamiphos, fenazaquin, fenbutatin oxide, fenitrothion,    fenothiocarb, fenoxacrinm, fenoxycarb, fenpropathrin, fenpyrad,    fenpyrithrin, fenpyroximate, fenvalerate, fipronil, fluazuron,    flubrocythrinate, flucycloxuron, flucythrinate, flufenoxuron,    flumethrin, flutenzine, fluvalinate, fonophos, fosmethilan,    fosthiazate, fubfenprox, furathiocarb,-   granulosis viruses,-   halofenozide, HCH, heptenophos, hexaflumuron, hexythiazox,    hydroprene,-   imidacloprid, indoxacarb, isazofos, isofenphos, isoxathion,    ivermectin,-   nuclear polyhedrosis viruses,-   lambda-cyhalothrin, lufenuron,-   malathion, mecarbam, metaldehyde, methamidophos, Metharhizium    anisopliae, Metharhizium flavoviride, methidathion, methiocarb,    methoprene, methomyl, methoxyfenozide, metolcarb, metoxadiazone,    mevinphos, milbemectin, milbemycin, monocrotophos,-   naled, nitenpyram, nithiazine, novaluron,-   omethoate, oxamyl, oxydemethon M,-   Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, parathion A, parathion M, permethrin,    phenthoate, phorat, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, phoxim,    pirimicarb, pirimiphos A, pirimiphos M, profenofos, promecarb,    propargite, propoxur, prothiofos, prothoat, pymetrozine, pyraclofos,    pyresmethrin, pyrethrum, pyridaben, pyridathion, pynmidifen,    pyriproxyfen,-   quinalphos,-   ribavirin,-   salithion, sebufos, silafluofen, spinosad, spirodiclofen,    spiromesifen, sulfotep, sulprofos,-   tau-fluvalinate, tebufenozide, tebufenpyrad, tebupirimiphos,    teflubenzuron, tefluthrin, temephos, temivinphos, terbufos,    tetrachlorvinphos, tetradifon theta-cypermethrin, thiacloprid,    thiamethoxam, thiapronil, thiatriphos, thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate,    thiodicarb, thiofanox, thuringiensin, tralocythrin, tralomethrin,    triarathene, triazamate, triazophos, triazuron, trichlophenidine,    trichlorfon, triflumuron, trimethacarb,-   vamidothion, vaniliprole, Verticillium lecanii,-   YI 5302-   zeta-cypermethrin, zolaprofos-   (1R-cis)-[5-(phenylmethyl)-3-furanyl]-methyl-3-[(dihydro-2-oxo-3(2H)-furanylidene)-methyl]-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate,-   (3-phenoxyphenyl)-methyl-2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropanecarboxylate,-   1-[(2-chloro-5-thiazolyl)methyl]tetrahydro-3,5-ditnethyl-N-nitro-1,3,5-triazine--   2(1H)-imine,-   2-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-4-[4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenyl]-4,5-dihydro-oxazole,-   2-(acetyloxy)-3-dodecyl-1,4-naphthalenedione,-   2-chloro-N-[[[4-(1-phenylethoxy)-phenyl]-amino]-carbonyl]-benzamide,-   2-chloro-N-[[[4-(2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethoxy)-phenyl]-aniino]-carbonyl]-benzamide,-   3-methylphenyl propylcarbamate,-   4-[4-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-4-methylpentyl]-1-fluoro-2-phenoxy-benzene,-   4-chloro-2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-5-[[2-(2,6-dimethyl-4-phenoxyphenoxy)ethyl]thio]-3(2H)-pyridazinone,-   4-chloro-2-(2-chloro-2-methylpropyl)-5-[(6-iodo-3-pyridinyl)methoxy]-3    (2H)-pyridazinone,-   4-chloro-5-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methoxy]-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3    (2H)-pyridazinone,-   Bacillus thuringiensis strain EGii-2348,-   [2-benzoyl-1-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-hydrazinobenzoic acid,-   2,2-dimethyl-3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-4-yl    butanoate,-   [3-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-2-thiazolidinylidene]-cyanamide,-   dihydro-2-(nitromethylene)-2H-1,3-thiazine-3 (4H)-carboxaldehyde,-   ethyl    [2-[[1,6-dihydro-6-oxo-1-(phenylmethyl)-4-pyridazinyl]oxy]ethyl]-carbamate,-   N-(3,4,4-trifluoro-1-oxo-3-butenyl)-glycine,-   N-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-[4-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl]-4,5-dihydro-4-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamide,-   N-[(2-chloro-5-thiazolyl)methyl]-N′-methyl-N″-nitro-guanidine,-   N-methyl-N′-(1-methyl-2-propenyl)-1,2-hydrazinedicarbothioamide,-   N-methyl-N′-2-propenyl-1,2-hydrazinedicarbothioamide,-   O,O-diethyl    [2-(dipropylamino)-2-oxoethyl]-ethylphosphoramidothioate,-   N-cyanomethyl-4-trifluoromethyl-nicotinamide,-   3,5-dichloro-1-(3,3-dichloro-2-propenyloxy)-4-[3-(5-trifluoromethylpyridine-2-yloxy)-propoxy]-benzene.

A mixture with other known active compounds, such as herbicides, or withfertilizers and growth regulators, is also possible.

In addition, the active compound combinations according to the inventionalso have very good antimycotic activity. They have a very broadantimycotic activity spectrum in particular against dermatophytes andyeasts, moulds and diphasic fungi (for example against Candida species,such as Candida albicans, Candida glabrata), and Epidermophytonfloccosum, Aspergillus species, such as Aspergillus niger andAspergillus fumigatus, Trichophyton species, such as Trichophytonmentagrophytes, Microsporon species such as Microsporon canis andaudouinii. The list of these fungi by no means limits the mycoticspectrum covered, but is only for illustration.

The active compound combinations can be used as such, in the form oftheir formulations or the use forms prepared therefrom, such asready-to-use solutions, suspensions, wettable powders, pastes, solublepowders, dusts and granules. Application is carried out in a customarymanner, for example by watering, spraying, atomizing, broadcasting,dusting, foaming, spreading, etc. It is furthermore possible to applythe active compound combinations by the ultra-low-volume method, or toinject the active compound preparation or the active compoundcombination itself into the soil. It is also possible to treat the seedsof the plants.

When using the active compound combinations according to the inventionas fungicides, the application rates can be varied within a relativelywide range, depending on the kind of application. For the treatment ofparts of plants, the active compound combination application rates aregenerally between 0.1 and 10,000 g/ha, preferably between 10 and 1000g/ha. For seed dressing, the active compound combination applicationrates are generally between 0.001 and 50 g per kilogram of seed,preferably between 0.01 and 10 g per kilogram of seed. For the treatmentof the soil, the active compound combination application rates aregenerally between 0.1 and 10,000 g/ha, preferably between 1 and 5000g/ha.

As already mentioned above, it is possible to treat all plants and theirparts according to the invention. In a preferred embodiment, wild plantspecies and plant cultivars, or those obtained by conventionalbiological breeding methods, such as crossing or protoplast fusion, andparts thereof, are treated. In a further preferred embodiment,transgenic plants and plant cultivars obtained by genetic engineering,if appropriate in combination with conventional methods (GeneticallyModified Organisms), and parts thereof are treated. The terms “parts”,“parts of plants” and “plant parts” have been explained above.

Particularly preferably, plants of the plant cultivars which are in eachcase commercially available or in use are treated according to theinvention. Plant cultivars are to be understood as meaning plants havingcertain properties (“traits”) which have been obtained by conventionalbreeding, by mutagenesis or by recombinant DNA techniques. This can bevarieties, bio- and genotypes

Depending on the plant species or plant cultivars, their location andgrowth conditions (soils, climate, vegetation period, diet), thetreatment according to the invention may also result in superadditive(“synergistic”) effects. Thus, for example, reduced application ratesand/or a widening of the activity spectrum and/or an increase in theactivity of the active compound combination which can be used accordingto the invention, better plant growth, increased tolerance to high orlow temperatures, increased tolerance to drought or to water or soilsalt content, increased flowering performance, easier harvesting,accelerated maturation, higher harvest yields, better quality and/or ahigher nutritional value of the harvested products, better storagestability and/or processability of the harvested products are possiblewhich exceed the effects which were actually to be expected.

The transgenic plants or plant cultivars (i.e. those obtained by geneticengineering) which are preferred and to be treated according to theinvention include all plants which, in the genetic modification,received genetic material which imparts particularly advantageous usefultraits to these plants. Examples of such traits are better plant growth,increased tolerance to high or low temperatures, increased tolerance todrought or to water or soil salt content, increased floweringperformance, easier harvesting, accelerated maturation, higher harvestyields, better quality and/or a higher nutritional value of theharvested products, better storage stability and/or processability ofthe harvested products. Further and particularly emphasized examples ofsuch properties are a better defence of the plants against animal andmicrobial pests, such as against insects, mites, nematodes,phytopathogenic fingi, bacteria and/or viruses, and also increasedtolerance of the plants to certain herbicidally active compounds.Examples of transgenic plants which may be mentioned are the importantcrop plants, such as cereals (wheat, rice), maize, soya beans, potatoes,cotton, oilseed rape and also fruit plants (with the fruits apples,pears, citrus fruits and grapes), and particular emphasis is given tomaize, soya beans, potatoes, cotton and oilseed rape. Traits that areparticularly emphasized are the increased defence of the plants againstinsects by toxins formed in the plants, in particular those formed bythe genetic material from Bacillus thuringiensis (for example by thegenes CryIA(a), CryIA(b), CryIA(c), CryIIA, CryIIIA, CryIIIB2, Cry9c,Cry2Ab, Cry3Bb and CryIF and also combinations thereof) (hereinbelowreferred to as “Bt plants”). Traits that are also particularlyemphasized are the increased defence of the plants to fingi, bacteriaand viruses by systemic acquired resistance (SAR), systemin,phytoalexins, elicitors, and resistance genes and correspondinglyexpressed proteins and toxins. Traits that are furthermore particularlyemphasized are the increased tolerance of the plants to certainherbicidally active compounds, for example imidazolinones,sulphonylureas, glyphosate or phosphinotricin (for example the “PAT”gene). The genes in question which impart the desired traits can also bepresent in combination with one another in the transgenic plants.Examples of “Bt plants” which may be mentioned are maize varieties,cotton varieties, soya bean varieties and potato varieties which aresold under the trade names YIELD GARD® (for example maize, cotton, soyabeans), KnockOut® (for example maize), StarLink® (for example maize),Bollgard® (cotton), Nucotn® (cotton) and NewLeaf® (potato). Examples ofherbicide-tolerant plants which may be mentioned are maize varieties,cotton varieties and soya bean varieties which are sold under the tradenames Roundup Ready® (tolerance to glyphosate, for example maize,cotton, soya bean), Liberty Links (tolerance to phosphinotricin, forexample oilseed rape), IMI® (tolerance to imidazolinones) and STS®(tolerance to sulphonylureas, for example maize). Herbicide-resistantplants (plants bred in a conventional manner for herbicide tolerance)which may be mentioned include the varieties sold under the nameClearfield® (for example maize). Of course, these statements also applyto plant cultivars having these or still-to-be-developed genetic traits,which plants will be developed and/or marketed in the future.

The plants listed can be treated in a particularly advantageous mannerwith the active compound mixtures according to the invention. Thepreferred ranges stated above for the active compound combination alsoapply to the treatment of these plants.

The active compound combinations are suitable for controlling animalpests, in particular insects, arachnids and nematodes, found inagriculture, in forests, in the protection of stored products andmaterials and in the hygiene sector, and they are tolerated well byplants and have favourable homeotherm toxicity. They can preferably beused as crop protection compositions. They are active against normallysensitive and resistant species, and against all or individualdevelopmental stages.

The abovementioned pests include:

-   From the order of the Isopoda, for example, Oniscus asellus,    Armadillidium vulgare, Porcellio scaber.-   From the order of the Diplopoda, for example, Blaniulus guttulatus.-   From the order of the Chilopoda, for example, Geophilus carpophagus,    Scutigera spp.-   From the order of the Symphyla, for example, Scutigerella    immaculata.-   From the order of the Thysanura, for example, Lepisma saccharina.-   From the order of the Collembola, for example, Onychiurus armatus.-   From the order of the Orthoptera, for example, Acheta domesticus,    Gryllotalpa spp., Locusta migratoria migratorioides, Melanoplus    spp., Schistocerca gregaria.-   From the order of the Blattaria, for example, Blatta orientalis,    Periplaneta americana, Leucophaea maderae, Blattella germanica.-   From the order of the Dermaptera, for example, Forficula    auricularia.-   From the order of the Isoptera, for example, Reticulitermes spp.-   From the order of the Phthiraptera, for example, Pediculus humanus    corporis, Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Trichodectes spp.,    Damalinia spp.-   From the order of the Thysanoptera, for example, Hercinothrips    femoralis, Thrips tabaci, Thrips palni, Frankliniella occidentalis.-   From the order of the Heteroptera, for example, Eurygaster spp.,    Dysdercus intermedius, Piesma quadrata, Cirnex lectularius, Rhodnius    prolixus, Triatoma spp.-   From the order of the Homoptera, for example, Aleurodes brassicae,    Bernisia tabaci, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Aphis gossypii,    Brevicoryne brassicae, Cryptomyzus ribis, Aphis fabae, Aphis pomi,    Eriosoma lanigerum, Hyalopterus arundinis, Phylloxera vastatrix,    Pemphigus spp., Macrosiphum avenae, Myzus spp., Phorodon humuli,    Rhopalosiphum padi, Empoasca spp., Euscelis bilobatus, Nephotettix    cincticeps, Lecanium corni, Saissetia oleae, Laodelphax striatellus,    Nilaparvata lugens, Aonidiella aurantii, Aspidiotus hederae,    Pseudococcus spp., Psylla spp.-   From the order of the Lepidoptera, for example, Pectinophora    gossypiella, Bupalus piniarius, Cheimatobia brumata, Lithocolletis    blancardella, Hyponomeuta padella, Plutella xylostella, Malacosoma    neustria, Euproctis chrysorrhoea, Lymantria spp., Bucculatrix    thurberiella, Phyllocnistis citrella, Agrotis spp., Euxoa spp.,    Feltia spp., Earias insulana, Heliothis spp., Mamestra brassicae,    Panolis flammea, Spodoptera spp., Trichoplusia ni, Carpocapsa    pomonella, Pieris spp., Chilo spp., Pyrausta nubilalis, Ephestia    kuehniella, Galleria mellonella, Tineola bisselliella, Tinea    pellionella, Hofinannophila pseudospretella, Cacoecia podana, Capua    reticulana, Choristoneura fumiferana, Clysia ambiguella, Homona    magnanima, Tortrix viridana, Cnaphalocerus spp.-   From the order of the Coleoptera, for example, Anobium punctatum,    Rhizopertha dominica, Bruchidius obtectus, Acanthoscelides obtectus,    Hylotrupes bajulus, Agelasfica alni, Leptinotarsa decemlineata,    Phaedon cochleariae, Diabrotica spp., Psylliodes chrysocephala,    Epilachna varivestis, Atomaria spp., Oryzaephilus surinamensis,    Anthonomus spp., Sitophilus spp., Otiorrhynchus sulcatus,    Cosmopolites sordidus, Ceuthorrhynchus assimilis, Hypera postica,    Dermestes spp., Trogoderma spp., Anthrenus spp., Attagenus spp.,    Lyctus spp., Meligethes aeneus, Ptinus spp., Niptus hololeucus,    Gibbium psylloides, Tribolium spp., Tenebrio molitor, Agriotes spp.,    Conoderus spp., Melolontha melolontha, Amphimallon solstitialis,    Costelytra zealandica, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Oulema oryzae.-   From the order of the Hymenoptera, for example, Diprion spp.,    Hoplocampa spp., Lasius spp., Monomorium pharaonis, Vespa spp. From    the order of the Diptera, for example, Aedes spp., Anopheles spp.,    Culex spp., Drosophila melanogaster, Musca spp., Fannia spp.,    Calliphora erythrocephala, Lucilia spp., Chrysomyia spp., Cuterebra    spp., Gastrophilus spp., Hyppobosca spp., Stomoxys spp., Oestrus    spp., Hypoderma spp., Tabanus spp., Tannia spp., Bibio hortulanus,    Oscinella frit, Phorbia spp., Pegomyia hyoscyami, Ceratitis    capitata, Dacus oleae, Tipula paludosa, Hylemyia spp., Liriomyza    spp.-   From the order of the Siphonaptera, for example, Xenopsylla cheopis,    Ceratophyllus spp.-   From the class of the Arachnida, for example, Scorpio maurus,    Latrodectus mactans, Acarus siro, Argas spp., Ornithodoros spp.,    Dermanyssus gallinae, Eriophyes ribis, Phyllocoptruta oleivora,    Boophilus spp., Rhipicephalus spp., Amblyomma spp., Hyalomma spp.,    Ixodes spp., Psoroptes spp., Chorioptes spp., Sarcoptes spp.,    Tarsonemus spp., Bryobia praetiosa, Panonychus spp., Tetranychus    spp., Hemitarsonemus spp., Brevipalpus spp.

The plant-parasitic nematodes include, for example, Pratylenchus spp.,Radopholus similis, Ditylenchus dipsaci, Tylenchulus semipenetrans,Heterodera spp., Globodera spp., Meloidogyne spp., Aphelenchoides spp.,Longidorus spp., Xiphinema spp., Trichodorus spp., Bursaphelenchus spp.

The active compounds according to the invention can be used withparticularly good results for controlling pests of the order:

-   Homoptera: Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Bemisia tabaci, scale-bugs and    mealy-bugs, such as, for example, Pseudococcus comstocki, Aonidiella    aurantii, Unaspis yanonensis, Ceroplastes ceriferus, and also aphids    and leafhoppers-   shield bugs of the order Heteroptera-   Thysanoptera: Frankliniella occidentalis, Scirtothrips dorsalis,    Thrips palmi, Thrips tabaci-   Lepidoptera: leaf-mining caterpillars, such as, for example,    Lyonetia clerkella, Phyllocnistis citrella and also Pieris    brassicae, Hellula undalis, Carposina niponensis, Plutella    xylostella, Gracillaria theivora, Papilio spp.-   Coleoptera: Oxycetonia jucunda, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus,    Sphenophorus venatus vestitus, Carpophilus spp., and also    wire-worms, flea beetles, chafers, longhorn beetles, weevils and    leaf-eating beetles.

When used as insecticides, the active compound combinations according tothe invention can furthermore be present in their commercially availableformulations and in the use forms, prepared from these formulations, asa mixture with synergists. Synergists are compounds which increase theaction of the active compounds, without it being necessary for thesynergist added to be active itself.

The active compound content of the use forms prepared from thecommercially available formulations can vary within wide limits. Theactive compound concentration of the use forms can be from 0.0000001 to95% by weight of active compound, preferably between 0.0001 and 1% byweight.

The compounds are employed in a customary manner appropriate for the useforms. When used against hygiene pests and stored-product pests, theactive compound combinations are distinguished by an excellent residualaction on wood and clay as well as good stability to alkali on limedsubstrates.

The active compound combinations according to the invention are not onlyactive against plant pests, hygiene pests and stored-product pests, butalso, in the veterinary medicine sector, against animal parasites(ectoparasites) such as hard ticks, soft ticks, mange mites, harvestmites, flies (stinging and licking), parasitizing fly larvae, lice, headlice, bird lice and fleas. These parasites include:

-   From the order of the Anoplurida, for example, Haematopinus spp.,    Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp., Phtirus spp., Solenopotes spp.-   From the order of the Mallophagida and the suborders Amblycerina and    Ischnocerina, for example, Trimenopon spp., Menopon spp., Trinoton    spp., Bovicola spp., Wemeckiella spp., Lepikentron spp., Damalina    spp., Trichodectes spp., Felicola spp.-   From the order Diptera and the suborders Nematocerina and    Brachycerina, for example, Aedes spp., Anopheles spp., Culex spp.,    Simulium spp., Eusimulium spp., Phlebotomus spp., Lutzomyia spp.,    Culicoides spp., Chrysops spp., Hybomitra spp., Atylotus spp.,    Tabanus spp., Haematopota spp., Philipomyia spp., Braula spp., Musca    spp., Hydrotaea spp., Stomoxys spp., Haematobia spp., Morellia spp.,    Fannia spp., Glossina spp., Calliphora spp., Lucilia spp.,    Chrysomyia spp., Wohlfahrtia spp., Sarcophaga spp., Oestrus spp.,    Hypoderma spp., Gasterophilus spp., Hippobosca spp., Lipoptena spp.,    Melophagus spp.-   From the order of the Siphonapterida, for example, Pulex spp.,    Ctenocephalides spp., Xenopsylla spp., Ceratophyllus spp.-   From the order of the Heteropterida, for example, Cimex spp.,    Triatoma spp., Rhodnius spp., Panstrongylus spp.-   From the order of the Blattarida, for example, Blatta orientalis,    Periplaneta americana, Blattella germanica, Supella spp.-   From the subclass of the Acaria (Acarida) and the orders of the    Meta- and Mesostigmata, for example, Argas spp., Ornithodorus spp.,    Otobius spp., Ixodes spp., Amblyomma spp., Boophilus spp.,    Dermacentor spp., Haemophysalis spp., Hyalomma spp., Rhipicephalus    spp., Dermanyssus spp., Raillietia spp., Pneumonyssus spp.,    Stemostoma spp., Varroa spp.-   From the order of the Actinedida (Prostigmata) and Acaridida    (Astigmata), for example, Acarapis spp., Cheyletiella spp.,    Omithocheyletia spp., Myobia spp., Psorergates spp., Demodex spp.,    Trombicula spp., Listrophorus spp., Acarus spp., Tyrophagus spp.,    Caloglyphus spp., Hypodectes spp., Pterolichus spp., Psoroptes spp.,    Chorioptes spp., Otodectes spp., Sarcoptes spp., Notoedres spp.,    Knemidocoptes spp., Cytodites spp., Laminosioptes spp.

The active compound combinations according to the invention are alsosuitable for controlling arthropods which attack agricultural livestocksuch as, for example, cattle, sheep, goats, horses, pigs, donkeys,camels, buffaloes, rabbits, chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, honey-bees,other domestic animals such as, for example, dogs, cats, caged birds,aquarium fish and so-called experimental animals such as, for example,hamsters, guinea pigs, rats and mice. By controlling these arthropods,cases of death and reductions in productivity (for meat, milk, wool,hides, eggs, honey and the like) should be diminished, so that moreeconomical and simpler animal husbandry is possible by the use of theactive compound combinations according to the invention.

The active compound combination according to the invention is used inthe veterinary sector in a known manner by enteral administration in theform of, for example, tablets, capsules, potions, drenches, granules,pastes, boluses, the feed-through method, suppositories, by parenteraladministration such as, for example, by injections (intramuscularly,subcutaneously, intravenously, intraperitoneally and the like),implants, by nasal administration, by dermal administration in the formof, for example, immersing or dipping, spraying, pouring-on,spotting-on, washing, dusting, and with the aid ofactive-compound-comprising moulded articles such as collars, ear tags,tail tags, limb bands, halters, marking devices and the like.

When used for cattle, poultry, domestic animals and the like, the activecompound combination can be applied as formulations (for examplepowders, emulsions, flowables) comprising the active compounds in anamount of 1 to 80% by weight, either directly or after 100- to 10000-fold dilution, or they may be used as a chemical dip.

Moreover, it has been found that the active compound combinationsaccording to the invention show a potent insecticidal action againstinsects which destroy industrial materials.

The following insects may be mentioned by way of example and withpreference, but not by way of limitation:

Beetles such as

Hylotrupes bajulus, Chlorophorus pilosis, Anobium punctatum, Xestobiumrufovillosum, Ptilinus pecticornis, Dendrobium pertinex, Emobius mollis,Priobium carpini, Lyctus brunneus, Lyctus africanus, Lyctus planicollis,Lyctus linearis, Lyctus pubescens, Trogoxylon aequale, Minthesrugicollis, Xyleborus spec., Tryptodendron spec., Apate monachus,Bostrychus capucins, Heterobostrychus brunneus, Sinoxylon spec.,Dinoderus minutus.

Dermapterans such as

Sirex juvencus, Urocerus gigas, Urocerus gigas taignus, Urocerus augur.

Termites such as

Kalotermes flavicollis, Cryptotermes brevis, Heterotermes indicola,Reticulitermes flavipes, Reticulitermes santonensis, Reticulitermeslucifugus, Mastotermes darwiniensis, Zootermopsis nevadensis,Coptotermes formosanus.

Bristle-tails such as Lepisma saccharina.

Industrial materials in the present context are understood as meaningnon-living materials such as, preferably, polymers, adhesives, glues,paper and board, leather, wood, timber products and paints.

The material which is to be protected from insect attack is veryparticularly preferably wood and timber products.

Wood and timber products which can be protected by the compositionaccording to the invention, or mixtures comprising it, are to beunderstood as meaning, for example:

construction timber, wooden beams, railway sleepers, bridge components,jetties, vehicles made of wood, boxes, pallets, containers, telephonepoles, wood lagging, windows and doors made of wood, plywood, chipboard,joinery, or timber products which quite generally are used in houseconstruction or building joinery.

The active compound combinations can be used as such, in the form ofconcentrates or generally customary formulations such as powders,granules, solutions, suspensions, emulsions or pastes.

The abovementioned formulations can be prepared in a manner known perse, for example by mixing the active compounds with at least one solventor diluent, emulsifier, dispersant and/or binder or fixative, waterrepellant, if desired desiccants and UV stabilizers, and if desiredcolorants and pigments and other processing auxiliaries.

The insecticidal compositions or concentrates used for protecting woodand timber products comprise the active compound combination accordingto the invention in a concentration of 0.0001 to 95% by weight, inparticular 0.001 to 60% by weight.

The amount of composition or concentrate employed depends on the speciesand the abundance of the insects and on the medium. The optimal quantityto be employed can be determined in each case by test series uponapplication. In general, however, it will suffice to employ 0.0001 to20% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 10% by weight, of the activecompound, based on the material to be protected.

A suitable solvent and/or diluent is an organochemical solvent orsolvent mixture and/or an oily or oil-type organochemical solvent orsolvent mixture of low volatility and/or a polar organochemical solventor solvent mixture and/or water and, if appropriate, an emulsifierand/or wetter.

Organochemical solvents which are preferably employed are oily oroil-type solvents with an evaporation number of above 35 and a flashpoint of above 30° C., preferably above 45° C. Such oily and oil-typesolvents which are insoluble in water and of low volatility and whichare used are suitable mineral oils or their aromatic fractions ormineral-oil-containing solvent mixtures, preferably white spirit,petroleum and/or alkylbenzene.

Mineral oils with a boiling range of 170 to 220° C., white spirit with aboiling range of 170 to 220° C., spindle oil with a boiling range of 250to 350° C., petroleum and aromatics with a boiling range of 160 to 280°C., oil of turpentine, and the like are advantageously used.

In a preferred embodiment, liquid aliphatic hydrocarbons with a boilingrange of 180 to 210° C. or high-boiling mixtures of aromatic andaliphatic hydrocarbons with a boiling range of 180 to 220° C. and/orspindle oil and/or monochloronaphthalene, preferablyα-monochloronaphthalene, are used.

The organic oily or oil-type solvents of low volatility and with anevaporation number of above 35 and a flash point of above 30° C.,preferably above 45° C., can be replaced in part by organochemicalsolvents of high or medium volatility, with the proviso that the solventmixture also has an evaporation number of above 35 and a flash point ofabove 30° C., preferably above 45° C., and that theinsecticide/fungicide mixture is soluble or emulsifiable in this solventmixture.

In a preferred embodiment, some of the organochemical solvent or solventmixture is replaced by an aliphatic polar organochemical solvent orsolvent mixture. Aliphatic organochemical solvents which containhydroxyl and/or ester and/or ether groups are preferably used, such as,for example, glycol ethers, esters or the like.

Organochemical binders used for the purposes of the present inventionare the synthetic resins and/or binding drying oils which are known perse and which can be diluted in water and/or dissolved or dispersed oremulsified in the organochemical solvents employed, in particularbinders composed of, or comprising, an acrylate resin, a vinyl resin,for example polyvinyl acetate, polyester resin, polycondensation orpolyaddition resin, polyurethane resin, alkyd resin or modified alkydresin, phenol resin, hydrocarbon resin such as indene/coumarone resin,silicone resin, drying vegetable and/or drying oils and/or physicallydrying binders based on a natural and/or synthetic resin.

The synthetic resin employed as binder can be employed in the form of anemulsion, dispersion or solution. Bitumen or bituminous substances mayalso be used as binders, in amounts of up to 10% by weight. In addition,colorants, pigments, water repellants, odour-masking agents, andinhibitors or anticorrosive agents and the like, all of which are knownper se, can be employed.

In accordance with the invention, the composition or the concentratepreferably comprises, as organochemical binders, at least one alkydresin or modified alkyd resin and/or a drying vegetable oil. Alkydresins which are preferably used in accordance with the invention arethose with an oil content of over 45% by weight, preferably 50 to 68% byweight.

Some or all of the abovementioned binder can be replaced by a fixative(mixture) or plasticizer (mixture). These additives are intended toprevent volatilization of the active compounds, and also crystallizationor precipitation. They preferably replace 0.01 to 30% of the binder(based on 100% of binder employed).

The plasticizers are from the chemical classes of the phthalic esters,such as dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate or benzyl butyl phthalate,phosphoric esters such as tributyl phosphate, adipic esters such asdi-(2-ethylhexyl)-adipate, stearates such as butyl stearate or amylstearate, oleates such as butyl oleate, glycerol ethers orhigher-molecular-weight glycol ethers, glycerol esters andp-toluenesulphonic esters.

Fixatives are based chemically on polyvinyl alkyl ethers such as, forexample, polyvinyl methyl ether, or ketones such as benzophenone andethylenebenzophenone.

Other suitable solvents or diluents are, in particular, water, ifappropriate as a mixture with one or more of the abovementionedorganochemical solvents or diluents, emulsifiers and dispersants.

Particularly effective timber protection is achieved by industrial-scaleimpregnating processes, for example the vacuum, double-vacuum orpressure processes.

The ready-to-use compositions can also comprise other insecticides, ifappropriate, and also one or more fungicides, if appropriate.

Possible additional mixing partners are, preferably, the insecticidesand fungicides mentioned in WO 94/29 268. The compounds mentioned inthis document are an explicit constituent of the present application.

Especially preferred mixing partners which may be mentioned areinsecticides, such as chlorpyriphos, phoxim, silafluofin, alphamethrin,cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, permethrin, imidacloprid, NI-25,flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, transfluthrin, thiacloprid, methoxyphenoxideand triflumuron, and also fimgicides, such as epoxyconazole,hexaconazole, azaconazole, propiconazole, tebuconazole, cyproconazole,metconazole, imazalil, dichlorfluanid, tolylfluanid,3-iodo-2-propinyl-butyl carbamate, N-octyl-isothiazolin-3-one and4,5-dichloro-N-octylisothiazolin-3-one.

The active compound combinations according to the invention can at thesame time be employed for protecting objects which come into contactwith saltwater or brackish water, such as hulls, screens, nets,buildings, moorings and signalling systems, against fouling.

Fouling by sessile Oligochaeta, such as Serpulidae, and by shells andspecies from the Ledamorpha group (goose barnacles), such as variousLepas and Scalpellum species, or by species from the Balanomorpha group(acorn barnacles), such as Balanus or Pollicipes species, increases thefrictional drag of ships and, as a consequence, leads to a markedincrease in operation costs owing to higher energy consumption andadditionally frequent stops in the dry dock.

Apart from fouling by algae, for example Ectocarpus sp. and Ceramiumsp., fouling by sessile Entomostraka groups, which come under thegeneric term Cirripedia (cirriped crustaceans), is of particularimportance.

Surprisingly, it has now been found that the active compoundcombinations according to the invention, on their own or in combinationwith other active compounds, have an outstanding antifouling action.

Using the active compound combinations according to the invention ontheir own or in combination with other active compounds allows the useof heavy metals such as, for example, in bis(trialkyltin) sulphides,tri-n-butyltin laurate, tri-n-butyltin chloride, copper(I) oxide,triethyltin chloride, tri-n-butyl(2-phenyl-4-chlorophenoxy)tin,tributyltin oxide, molybdenum disulphide, antimony oxide, polymericbutyl titanate, phenyl-(bispyridine)-bismuth chloride, tri-n-butyltinfluoride, manganese ethylene-bisthiocarbamate, zincdimethyldithiocarbamate, zinc ethylenebisthiocarbamate, zinc salts andcopper salts of 2-pyridinethiol 1-oxide, bisdimethyldithiocarbamoylzincethylenebisthiocarbamate, zinc oxide, copper(I)ethylene-bisdithiocarbamate, copper thiocyanate, copper naphthenate andtributyltin halides to be dispensed with, or the concentration of thesecompounds to be substantially reduced.

If appropriate, the ready-to-use antifouling paints can additionallycomprise other active compounds, preferably algicides, fungicides,herbicides, molluscicides, or other antifouling active compounds.

Preferable suitable components in combinations with the antifoulingcompositions according to the invention are:

algicides such as

2-tert-butylamino-4-cyclopropylamino-6-methylthio-1,3,5-triazine,dichlorophen, diuron, endothal, fentin acetate, isoproturon,methabenzthiazuron, oxyfluorfen, quinoclamine and terbutryn;

fungicides such as

benzo[b]thiophenecarboxylic acid cyclohexylamide S,S-dioxide,dichlofluanid, fluor-folpet, 3-iodo-2-propinyl butylcarbamate,tolylfluanid and azoles such as azaconazole, cyproconazole,epoxyconazole, hexaconazole, metconazole, propiconazole andtebuconazole;

molluscicides such as

fentin acetate, metaldehyde, methiocarb, niclosamid, thiodicarb andtrimethacarb;

or conventional antifouling active compounds such as

4,5-dichloro-2-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, diiodomethylparatrylsulphone, 2-(N,N-dimethylthiocarbamoylthio)-5-nitrothiazyl, potassium,copper, sodium and zinc salts of 2-pyridinethiol 1-oxide,pyridine-triphenylborane, tetrabutyldistannoxane,2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-4-(methylsulphonyl)-pyridine,2,4,5,6-tetrachloroisophthalo-nitrile, tetramethylthiuram disulphide and2,4,6-trichlorophenylmaleiimide.

The antifouling compositions used comprise the active compound accordingto the invention of the compounds according to the invention in aconcentration of 0.001 to 50% by weight, in particular 0.01 to 20% byweight.

Moreover, the antifouling compositions according to the inventioncomprise the customary components such as, for example, those describedin Ungerer, Chem. Ind. 1985, 37, 730-732 and Williams, AntifoulingMarine Coatings, Noyes, Park Ridge, 1973.

Besides the algicidal, fungicidal, molluscicidal active compounds andinsecticidal active compounds according to the invention, antifoulingpaints comprise, in particular, binders.

Examples of recognized binders are polyvinyl chloride in a solventsystem, chlorinated rubber in a solvent system, acrylic resins in asolvent system, in particular in an aqueous system, vinyl chloride/vinylacetate copolymer systems in the form of aqueous dispersions or in theform of organic solvent systems, butadiene/styrene/acrylonitrilerubbers, drying oils such as linseed oil, resin esters or modifiedhardened resins in combination with tar or bitumens, asphalt and epoxycompounds, small amounts of chlorine rubber, chlorinated polypropyleneand vinyl resins.

If appropriate, paints also comprise inorganic pigments, organicpigments of colorants which are preferably insoluble in salt water.Paints may furthermore comprise materials such as colophonium to allowcontrolled release of the active compounds. Furthermore, the paints maycomprise plasticizers, modifiers which affect the Theological propertiesand other conventional constituents. The compounds according to theinvention or the abovementioned mixtures may also be incorporated intoself-polishing antifouling systems.

The active compound combinations are also suitable for controllinganimal pests, in particular insects, arachnids and mites, which arefound in enclosed spaces such as, for example, dwellings, factory halls,offices, vehicle cabins and the like. They can be employed on their ownor in combination with other active compounds and excipients in domesticinsecticide products for controlling these pests. They are activeagainst sensitive and resistant species and against all developmentalstages.

These pests include:

-   From the order of the Scorpionidea, for example, Buthus occitanus.-   From the order of the Acarina, for example, Argas persicus, Argas    reflexus, Bryobia ssp., Dermanyssus gallinae, Glyciphagus    domesticus, Ornithodorus moubat, Rhipicephalus sanguineus,    Trombicula alfreddugesi, Neutrombicula autumnalis, Dermatophagoides    pteronissimus, Dermatophagoides forinae.-   From the order of the Araneae, for example, Aviculariidae,    Araneidae.-   From the order of the Opiliones, for example, Pseudoscorpiones    chelifer, Pseudoscorpiones cheiridium, Opiliones phalangium.-   From the order of the Isopoda, for example, Oniscus asellus,    Porcellio scaber.-   From the order of the Diplopoda, for example, Blaniulus guttulatus,    Polydesmus spp.-   From the order of the Chilopoda, for example, Geophilus spp.-   From the order of the Zygentoma, for example, Ctenolepisma spp.,    Lepisma saccharina, Lepismodes inquilinus.-   From the order of the Blattaria, for example, Blatta orientalies,    Blattella germanica, Blattella asahinai, Leucophaea maderae,    Panchlora spp., Parcoblatta spp., Periplaneta australasiae,    Periplaneta americana, Periplaneta brunnea, Periplaneta fuliginosa,    Supella longipalpa.-   From the order of the Saltatoria, for example, Acheta domesticus.-   From the order of the Dermaptera, for example, Forficula    auricularia.-   From the order of the Isoptera, for example, Kalotermes spp.,    Reticulitermes spp.-   From the order of the Psocoptera, for example, Lepinatus spp.,    Liposcelis spp.-   From the order of the Coleptera, for example, Anthrenus spp.,    Attagenus spp., Dermestes spp., Latheticus oryzae, Necrobia spp.,    Ptinus spp., Rhizopertha dominica, Sitophilus granarius, Sitophilus    oryzae, Sitophilus zeamais, Stegobium paniceum.-   From the order of the Diptera, for example, Aedes aegypti, Aedes    albopictus, Aedes taeniorhynchus, Anopheles spp., Calliphora    erythrocephala, Chrysozona pluvialis, Culex quinquefasciatus, Culex    pipiens, Culex tarsalis, Drosophila spp., Fannia canicularis, Musca    domestica, Phlebotomus spp., Sarcophaga carnaria, Simulium spp.,    Stomoxys calcitrans, Tipula paludosa.-   From the order of the Lepidoptera, for example, Achroia grisella,    Galleria mellonella, Plodia interpunctella, Tinea cloacella, Tinea    pellionella, Tineola bisselliella.-   From the order of the Siphonaptera, for example, Ctenocephalides    canis, Ctenocephalides felis, Pulex irritans, Tunga penetrans,    Xenopsylla cheopis.-   From the order of the Hymenoptera, for example, Camponotus    herculeanus, Lasius fuliginosus, Lasius niger, Lasius umbratus,    Monomorium pharaonis, Paravespula spp., Tetramorium caespitum.-   From the order of the Anoplura, for example, Pediculus humanus    capitis, Pediculus humanus corporis, Phthirus pubis.-   From the order of the Heteroptera, for example, Cimex hemipterus,    Cimex lectularius, Rhodnius prolixus, Triatoma infestans.

In the field of household insecticides, they are used alone or incombination with other suitable active compounds, suh as phosphonic acidesters, carbamates, pyrethroids, growth regulators or active compoundsfrom other known classes of insecticides.

They are used as aerosols, pressureless spray products, for example pumpand atomizer sprays, automatic fogging systems, foggers, foams, gels,evaporator products with evaporator tablets made of cellulose orpolymer, liquid evaporators, gel and membrane evaporators,propeller-driven evaporators, energy-free, or passive, evaporationsystems, moth papers, moth bags and moth gels, as granules or dusts, inbaits for spreading or in bait stations.

In fungicides and insecticides, a synergistic effect is always presentwhen the fungicidal and insecticidal activity of the active compoundcombinations is greater than the sum of the activities of the activecompounds applied on their own.

The expected activity for a given combination of two active compoundscan be calculated as follows (cf. Colby, S.R., “Calculating Synergisticand Antagonistic Responses of Herbicide Combinations”, Weeds 15, pages20-22, 1967):

If

-   X is the efficacy, expresssed in % of the untreated control, when    employing active compound A in a concentration of m ppm,-   Y is the efficacy, expressed in % of the untreated control, when    employing active compound B in a concentration of n ppm, and-   E is the expected efficacy, expressed in % of the untreated control,    when employing active compounds A and B in concentrations of m and n    ppm, then $E = {X + Y - {\frac{X \cdot Y}{100}.}}$

If the actual fungicidal and insecticidal activity exceeds thecalculated value, the activity of the combination is superadditive, i.e.a synergistic effect is present. In this case, the actually observedefficacy must exceed the value calculated for the expected efficacy (E)using the above formula.

EXAMPLE A

Aphis gossypii test

-   Solvent: 7 parts by weight of dimethylformamide-   Emulsifier: 2 parts by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether

To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weightof active compound is mixed with the stated amounts of solvent andemulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desiredconcentrations.

Cotton leaves (Gossypium hirsutum) which are heavily infested by thecotton aphid (Aphis gossypii) are treated by being dipped into thepreparation of active compound of the desired concentration.

After the desired period of time, the kill in % is determined. 100%means that all aphids have been killed; 0% means that none of the aphidshave been killed. The kill rates that have been determined are evaluatedusing Colby's formula.

In this test, for example, the following active compound combination inaccordance with the present application shows a synergistically enhancedactivity compared to the active compounds applied on their own: TABLE A1plant-damaging insects Aphis gossypii test Concentration of active Killrate in % Active compounds compound in ppm after 6^(d) trifloxystrobin(I) known 4 0 imidacloprid (II) known 0.16 25 trifloxystrobin (I) +imidacloprid (II) (25:1) found* calc.** according to the invention 4 +0.16 95 25*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

TABLE A2 plant-damaging insects Aphis gossypii test Concentration ofactive Kill rate in % Active compounds compound in ppm after 6^(d)trifloxystrobin (I) known 20 0 thiacloprid (III) known 0.8 55trifloxystrobin (I) + thiacloprid (III) (25:1) found* calc.** accordingto the invention 20 + 0.8 100 55*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

TABLE A3 plant-damaging insects Aphis gossypii test Concentration ofactive Kill rate in Active compounds compound in ppm % after 1^(d)trifloxystrobin (I) known 4 0 acetamiprid (IV) known 0.16 25trifloxystrobin (I) + acetamiprid (IV) (25:1) calc.* found** accordingto the invention 4 + 0.16 85 25*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

TABLE A4 plant-damaging insects Aphis gossypii test Concentration ofactive Kill rate in Active compounds compound in ppm % after 1^(d)trifloxystrobin (I) known 20 0 thiamethoxam (VI) known 0.8 25trifloxystrobin (I) + thiamethoxam (VI) (25:1) found* calc.** accordingto the invention 20 + 0.8 95 25*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

TABLE A5 plant-damaging insects Aphis gossypii test Concentration ofactive Kill rate in Active compounds compound in ppm % after 6^(d)trifloxystrobin (I) known 20 0 dinotefuran (VIII) known 0.8 0trifloxystrobin (I) + dinotefuran (VIII) (25:1) found* calc.** accordingto the invention 20 + 0.8 70 0*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

EXAMPLE B

Myzus test

-   Solvent: 7 parts by weight of dimethylformamide-   Emulsifier: 2 parts by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether

To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weightof active compound is mixed with the stated amounts of solvent andemulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with emulsifier-containingwater to the desired concentration.

Cabbage leaves (Brassica oleracea) which are heavily infested by thegreen peach aphid (Myzus persicae) are treated by being dipped into thepreparation of active compound of the desired concentration.

After the desired period of time, the kill in % is determined. 100%means that all aphids have been killed; 0% means that none of the aphidshave been killed. The kill rates that have been determined are evaluatedusing Colby's formula.

In this test, for example, the following active compound combination inaccordance with the present application shows a synergistically enhancedactivity compared to the active compounds applied on their own: TABLE B1plant-damaging insects Myzus test Concentration of active Kill rate in %Active compounds compound in ppm after 6^(d) trifloxystrobin (I) known 40 imidacloprid (II) known 0.16 25 trifloxystrobin (I) + imidacloprid(II) (25:1) found* calc.** according to the invention 4 + 0.16 99 25*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

TABLE B2 plant-damaging insects Myzus test Concentration of active Killrate in % Active compounds compound in ppm after 6^(d) trifloxystrobin(I) known 20 0 thiacloprid (III) known 0.8 85 trifloxystrobin (I) +thiacloprid (III) (25:1) found* calc.** according to the invention 20 +0.8 100 85*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

TABLE B3 plant-damaging insects Myzus test Concentration of active Killrate in Active compounds compound in ppm % after 6^(d) trifloxystrobin(I) known 4 0 acetamiprid (IV)-- known 0.16 20 trifloxystrobin (I) +acetamiprid (IV) (25:1) found* calc.** according to the invention 4 +0.16 98 20*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

TABLE B4 plant-damaging insects Myzus test Concentration of active Killrate in Active compounds compound in ppm % after 6^(d) trifloxystrobin(I) known 4 0 thiamethoxam (VI) known 0.16 15 trifloxystrobin (I) +thiamethoxam (VI) (25:1) found* calc.** according to the invention 4 +0.16 95 15*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

TABLE B5 plant-damaging insects Myzus test Concentration of active Killrate in Active compounds compound in ppm % after 6^(d) trifloxystrobin(I) known 20 0 chlothianidin (VII) known 0.8 95 trifloxystrobin (I) +chlothianidin (VII) (25:1) found* calc.** according to the invention20 + 0.8 100 95*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

TABLE B6 plant-damaging insects Myzus test Concentration of active Killrate in Active compounds compound in ppm % after 6^(d) trifloxystrobin(I) known 100 10 dinotefuran (VIII) known 4 0 trifloxystrobin (I) +dinotefuran (VIII) (25:1) found* calc.** according to the invention100 + 4 95 10*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

EXAMPLE C

Phaedon larvae test

-   Solvent: 7 parts by weight of dimethylformamide-   Emulsifier: 2 parts by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether

To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weightof active compound is mixed with the stated amounts of solvent andemulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with emulsifier-containingwater to the desired concentration.

Cabbage leaves (Brassica oleracea) are treated by being dipped into thepreparation of active compound of the desired concentration and arepopulated with larvae of the mustard beetle (Phaedon cochleariae) whilethe leaves are still moist.

After the desired period of time, the kill in % is determined. 100%means that all beetle larvae have been killed; 0% means that none of thebeetle larvae have been killed. The kill rates that have been determinedare evaluated using Colby's formula.

In this test, for example, the following active compound combination inaccordance with the present application shows a synergistically enhancedactivity compared to the active compounds applied on their own: TABLE C1plant-damaging insects Phaedon larvae test Concentration of active Killrate in Active compounds compound in ppm % after 3^(d) trifloxystrobin(I) known 100 0 imidacloprid (II) known 4 35 trifloxystrobin (I) +imidacloprid (II) (25:1) found* calc.** according to the invention 100 +4 100 35*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

TABLE C2 plant-damaging insects Phaedon larvae test Concentration ofactive Kill rate in % Active compounds compound in ppm after 3^(d)trifloxystrobin (I) known 100 0 thiacloprid (III) known 4 10trifloxystrobin (I) + thiacloprid (III) (25:1) found* calc.** accordingto the invention 100 + 4 100 10*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

TABLE C3 plant-damaging insects Phaedon larvae test Concentration ofactive Kill rate in Active compounds compound in ppm % after 3^(d)trifloxystrobin (I) known 100 5 acetamiprid (IV) known 4 5trifloxystrobin (I) + acetamiprid (IV) (25:1) found* calc.** accordingto the invention 100 + 4 85 9.75*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

TABLE C4 plant-damaging insects Phaedon larvae test Concentration ofactive Kill rate in Active compounds compound in ppm % after 3^(d)trifloxystrobin (I) known 100 5 thiamethoxam (VI) known 4 40trifloxystrobin (I) + thiamethoxam (VI) (25:1) found* calc.** accordingto the invention 100 + 4 100 43*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

TABLE C5 plant-damaging insects Phaedon larvae test Concentration ofactive Kill rate in Active compounds compound in ppm % after 3^(d)trifloxystrobin (I) known 100 5 chlothianidin (VII) known 4 30trifloxystrobin (I) + chlothianidin (VII) (25:1) found* calc.**according to the invention 100 + 4 90 33.5*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

TABLE C6 plant-damaging insects Phaedon larvae test Concentration ofactive Kill rate in Active compounds compound in ppm % after 3^(d)trifloxystrobin (I) known 100 0 dinotefuran (VIII) known 4 5trifloxystrobin (I) + dinotefuran (VIII) (25:1) found* calc.** accordingto the invention 100 + 4 100 5*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

EXAMPLE D

Spodoptera frugiperda test

-   Solvent: 7 parts by weight of dimethylformamide-   Emulsifier: 2 parts by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether

To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weightof active compound is mixed with the stated amounts of solvent andemulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with emulsifier-containingwater to the desired concentration.

Cabbage leaves (Brassica oleracea) are treated by being dipped into thepreparation of active compound of the desired concentration and arepopulated with caterpillars of the army worm (Spodoptera frugiperda)while the leaves are still moist.

After the desired period of time, the kill in % is determined. 100%means that all caterpillars have been killed; 0% means that none of thecaterpillars have been killed. The kill rates that have been determinedare evaluated using Colby's formula.

In this test, for example, the following active compound combination inaccordance with the present application shows a synergistically enhancedactivity compared to the active compounds applied on their own: TABLE D1plant-damaging insects Spodoptera frugiperda test Concentration ofactive Kill rate in Active compounds compound in ppm % after 3^(d)trifloxystrobin (I) known 100 0 imidacloprid (II) known 4 0trifloxystrobin (I) + imidacloprid (II) (25:1) found* calc.** accordingto the invention 100 + 4 85 0*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

TABLE D2 plant-damaging insects Spodoptera frugiperda test Concentrationof active Kill rate in Active compounds compound in ppm % after 3^(d)trifloxystrobin (I) known 100 0 thiacloprid (III) known 4 0trifloxystrobin (I) + thiacloprid (III) (25:1) found* calc.** accordingto the invention 100 + 4 80 0*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

TABLE D3 plant-damaging insects Spodoptera frugiperda test Concentrationof active Kill rate in Active compounds compound in ppm % after 3^(d)trifloxystrobin (I) known 100 5 acetamiprid (IV) known 4 65trifloxystrobin (I) + acetamiprid (IV) (25:1) found* calc.** accordingto the invention 100 + 4 100 66.75*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

TABLE D4 plant-damaging insects Spodoptera frugiperda test Concentrationof active Kill rate in Active compounds compound in ppm % after 3^(d)trifloxystrobin (I) known 100 5 thiamethoxam (VI) known 4 15trifloxystrobin (I) + thiamethoxam (VI) (25:1) found* calc.** accordingto the invention 100 + 4 65 19.25*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

TABLE D5 plant-damaging insects Spodoptera frugiperda test Concentrationof active Kill rate in Active compounds compound in ppm % after 3^(d)trifloxystrobin (I) known 100 0 chlothianidin (VII) known 4 85trifloxystrobin (I) + chlothianidin (VII) (25:1) found* calc.**according to the invention 100 + 4 100 85*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

TABLE D6 plant-damaging insects Spodoptera frugiperda test Concentrationof active Kill rate in Active compounds compound in ppm % after 6^(d)trifloxystrobin (I) known 100 0 dinotefuran (VIII) known 4 70trifloxystrobin (I) + dinotefuran (VIII) (25:1) found* calc.** accordingto the invention 100 + 4 100 70*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

EXAMPLE E

Plutella test

-   Solvent: 7 parts by weight of dimethylformamide-   Emulsifier: 2 parts by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether

To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weightof active compound is mixed with the stated amounts of solvent andemulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with emulsifier-containingwater to the desired concentration.

Cabbage leaves (Brassica oleracea) are treated by being dipped into thepreparation of active compound of the desired concentration and arepopulated with caterpillars of the diamond back moth (Plutellaxylostella, sensitive strain) while the leaves are still moist.

After the desired period of time, the kill in % is determined. 100%means that all caterpillars have been killed; 0% means that none of thecaterpillars have been killed. The kill rates that have been determinedare evaluated using Colby's formula.

In this test, for example, the following active compound combination inaccordance with the present application shows a synergistically enhancedactivity compared to the active compounds applied on their own: TABLE E1plant-damaging insects Plutella test Concentration of active Kill ratein Active compounds compound in ppm % after 3^(d) trifloxystrobin (I)known 100 0 acetamiprid (IV) known 4 0 trifloxystrobin (I) + acetamiprid(IV) (25:1) found* calc.** according to the invention 100 + 4 60 0*found = activity found**calc. = activity calculated using Colby's formula

1-8. (canceled)
 9. An active compound combination comprising at leastone compound of the formula (I)

and (1) a compound of formula (II)

and/or (2) a compound of formula (III)

and/or (3) a compound of formula (IV)

and/or (4) a compound of formula (V)

and/or (5) a compound of formula (VI)

and/or (6) a compound of formula (VII)

and/or (7) a compound of formula (VIII)


10. An active compound combination according to claim 9 wherein theweight ratio of the active compound of formula (I) to (i) the activecompound of the formula (II) is from 1:0.1 to 1:10, (ii) the activecompound of the formula (III) is from 1:0.05 to 1:20, (iii) the activecompound of the formula (IV) is from 1:0.05 to 1:20, (iv) the activecompound of the formula (V) is from 1:0.05 to 1:20, (v) the activecompound of the formula (VI) is from 1:0.05 to 1:20, (vi) the activecompound of the formula (VII) is from 1:0.05 to 1:20, and/or (vii) theactive compound of the formula (VIII) is from 1:0.05 to 1:20.
 11. Amethod for controlling fungi comprising allowing an effective amount ofan active compound combination according to claim 9 to act on the fungiand/or their habitat or on the plants, types of plants, seeds, soils,areas, materials, or rooms to be kept free from the fungi.
 12. A methodfor controlling insects comprising allowing an effective amount of anactive compound combination according to claim 9 to act on the insectsand/or their habitat or on the plants, types of plants, seeds, soils,areas, materials or rooms to be kept free from the insects.
 13. A methodaccording to claim 11 comprising applying a compound (I) and compound(II) and/or compound (III) and/or compound (IV) and/or compound (V)and/or compound (VI) and/or compound (VII) and/or compound (VIII)according to claim 9 simultaneously together or separately orsuccessively.
 14. A method according to claim 12 comprising applying acompound (I) and compound (II) and/or compound (III) and/or compound(IV) and/or compound (V) and/or compound (VI) and/or compound (VII)and/or compound (VIII) according to claim 9 simultaneously together orseparately or successively.
 15. Propagation material treated by themethod of claim
 11. 16. Propagation material treated by the method ofclaim
 12. 17. A fungicidal or insecticidal composition comprising aneffective amount of an active compound combination according to claim 9and one or more extenders and/or surfactants.
 18. A process forpreparing a fungicidal or insecticidal composition comprising mixing anactive compound combination according to claim 9 with one or moreextenders and/or surfactants.